Home 2023 Forums Digital DJ Gear How can I connect 4 speakers in parallel or series using only speakon cables

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  • #1017675
    Terry_42
    Keymaster

    Simple: You need an amplifier with 4 outputs.

    You cannot simply connect speakers in series as it will increase their Impedance rating and best case this will only cause low volume music, worst case damage your amplifier.

    If you connect them in parallel this is even worse as it will lower the Impedance rating severely (by half) and surely damage your amplifier.

    This is the reason why line arrays work so different from “normal” PAs.

    So my advise: If you got only one amp with 2 outputs, use only 2 speakers.

    #1017680
    Nonso Okoye
    Participant

    Hey Terry, thanks for the feedback. But how can this be done, if one wants to? with speakon cables only

    #1017700
    Terry_42
    Keymaster

    As I said. You cannot and you should not.

    #1017719
    DJ Vintage
    Moderator

    Uhm … pfff … should I … or should I not … contradict my guru mentor … well … OK THEN!

    Although it takes a bit of calculating, in my opinion it can be done. Most PA speakers with SpeakOn connectors actually have two for that exaxt purpose.

    There are serious reasons for NOT wanting to hook up anything serial, apart from the impedance rising and thus getting less juice from your amp. If you blow out one speaker, the other one won’t produce any sound anymore either (compare it to old x-mas lights, one light dies … the entire tree goes dark).

    Parallel on the other hand is not at all uncommon.

    What you have to watch for is that you don’t go below the MINIMUM (or recommended) impedance of your amps. Most professional PA amps will have 4 Ohm as the minimum, although there are 8 Ohm versions around as well. So make sure you check this first.

    The next step is to calculate the impedance of your speakers. Let’s say you have two speakers per side, 8 Ohm each. If you hook up two 8 Ohm speakers in a parallel setup, you end up with a 4 Ohm load to the amp. And if the amp can handle a 4 Ohm load then you are good to go.

    If you tried to use two FOUR (4) Ohm speakers in parallel, you’d end up with an impedance of … tata … 2 Ohm and that would most definitely short your amp, frying it and potentially killing your speakers in the process.

    Make sure you get the heavier gauge SpeakOn cable. Run one from the amp to the first speaker, then using the link connector go from the first to the second speaker.

    I hope Terry_42 can forgive me, but that is my take on things.

    Greetinx,

    Chuck <who uses active speakers only these days, sooooo much less hassle and always a perfect match whether you need 2, 4, 6 or 10 speakers in a room>

    #1017733
    Terry_42
    Keymaster

    I forgive you. I did not recommend this procedure as the original poster seems to be unaware of the impedance setting he is in at all, or he would have included more info already (aka what impedance the speakers have).

    Hence I did not want to put up how to calculate all this stuff AND in most cases you void any warranty of all involved products if you pull it off.

    So have I done this? Yes I admit I have done such things.

    Would I recommend it? Not to anyone, as things can go badly wrong and you will not be covered by warranty and in extreme situations and you blow out the clubs/venues electrical system you might not even be covered by insurance. This is why I see that solution, even if you can calculate the risks, as something for Pro’s only and do not try this without a pro who knows what he is doing. As if things go wrong, they could potentially go very wrong.

    #1017784
    DJ Vintage
    Moderator

    I have to say we have done this soooo many times (4 Renkus-Heinz Qube’s on a Carver M1500T or something). I had never heard of warranty being voided if you hook up parallel (daisy-chained) speakers though.

    I agree it takes a bit of thinking and planning ahead. If you have the gear yourself (or plan on buying it), I’d still say get the right advice and you should be safe as long as you use the combination you bought.

    I don’t think he is planning on either bringing his amp or his speakers to a club. And even if he did, he wouldn’t be allowed anywhere near the house PA anyway :-).

    So Nonso, if you are set on having a setup like you described, let us know the specifics (brand/model) of your (intended) gear and we’ll give you some solid advice.

    If not, go for active speakers or get an amp for every two speakers you are using. By the way, when connected properly and with the right speakon cables you can actually do that with just one cable going from amps to speaker one then on to speaker two. This however is even trickier than the parallel option. So don’t recommend trying that at home :-)).

    Greetinx,

    Chuck

    #1017787
    Nonso Okoye
    Participant

    hi guys,

    thanks for the feedback.

    Let’s assume one has all the technical specifications, and has properly match the ohms and the power output of the amplifier to the four speakers i.e the technical requirements are fully sorted. How can one connect  the 4 speakers  to the amplifier, 2 speakers per channel in:

    1. parallel

    2 series

    with just speakon cables. How should the speakon cables travel?

     

    #1017788
    Nonso Okoye
    Participant

    1.) for parallel connection, how should the speakon cable travel from the amp to the speakers?

    2.) for series connection, how should the speakon cable travel from the amp to the speakers?

    #1017865
    DJ Vintage
    Moderator

    Hey Nonso,

    Last reply from me in this thread. Pay close attention as I will only say this twice :-).

    Assuming all the stuff you are assuming is correct.

    2) Serial connection. NEVER. Forget the notion, forget it’s technically doable. Do NOT use serial connection with your speakers (or anybody else’s). Period.

    <!–more–>

    1) Parallel connection. My turn for assumptions. Your amp has speakon (if not you’ll need banana-plug, bare metal – if you have speaker terminals on your amp or xlr to speakon adapter cables). Your speakers have double speakon.

    1) Amp -> speakon cable 1 -> speakon connector 1 on first speaker

    2) speakon connector 2 0n first speaker ->speakon cable 2 ->speakon connector (either one) on second speaker.

    Repeat for other channel.

    Done.

    The two speakon connectors on the speakers are already wired to provide parallel connection. So you need no custom cables, don’t need to change anything on the speaker.

    Couple of observations:

    If your speakers have only one speakon connector, you are gonna need a parallel splitter like this one:

    http://www.pulse-audio.co.uk/5051259011434.shtml

    You’d hook it up at the end of the speakon cable coming from the amp. Then you run one (short) speakon cable to speaker 1 and the other to speaker 2.

    Use 4 identical speakers. DON’t mix and match. Something will break sooner or later. Because even if the impedances match, there could be severe power handling differences and such. Don’t put your gear through that.

    Listen to the Pro’s and only do this if and when you are 100% sure you got the correct setup.

    As usual, but more so in this particular case, we take no responsibility for any solution given here.

    Hope I have answered your question fully, there is nothing more to tell, really.

    Greetinx and good luck,

    Chuck

    #1018020
    Nonso Okoye
    Participant

    Thank you very much, you have done justice to my inquiry. I believe am much more enlightened now. Thank you once again

    Terry, thank you also for your inputs

    #1018799
    NewportDJ Drew
    Participant

    This link explains how series and parallel work, however not with speakons. You will need to get the soldering iron out if you want to setup the cables how you want and making assumption that the speaker has both in and through connector points

    http://www.bcae1.com/spkrmlti.htm

    #1019499
    DJ Vintage
    Moderator

    Yep, it’s exactly the reason why Terry_42 d idn’t wanna go into it at all and I said “stay away from serial :-)”.

    Parallel is relatively easy, from a cabling point of view. Using either a speaker with dual speakon (in which case they should normally be parallel wired) or a parallel speakon splitter box (not a breakout box!) that can be purchased from a store or online, you can work with standard speakon cables without having to modify (solder) anything.

    Thanks for the addendum, Drew!

    Greetinx,

    Chuck

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