I forgot to mention that I have Windows 7, if that helps at all.
When I backed up the folders from the hard drive that failed to the backup one, it grouped all the folders into a master folder called ‘local disk’. However, inside of that folder, the file structure that Traktor would have seen it under (i.e. the folders they came from) is the exact same.
I don’t know if perhaps I should drag all the folders out of the local disk master folder, and put them all independently in the drive as separate folders. Maybe then I could change the drive letter to match Traktor’s old drive letter, as was suggested to me by somebody?